Environment
UK scientists have discovered a biological mechanism making plant roots more attractive to soil microbes. Through enhanced endosymbiosis, crops such as wheat and legumes are now able to scavenge nutrients more effectively from the environment with the help of soil microbes. This natural process reduces the reliance on synthetic fertilizers, which, when used excessively, can contribute to soil degradation, water pollution, and harmful algal blooms. This biological adaptation may result in crops requiring less artificial fertilisers, thus reducing the pressures of excess fertilizer use and opening the door for more environmentally friendly farming.
A recent study involving over 35 research teams has revealed that accelerated glacial melt presents a profound threat to global water security. The loss of 6,500 billion tonnes of ice since 2000, averaging 270 billion tonnes annually, directly impacts millions who rely on these freshwater reserves. This latest study underscores the critical role of glacier melt as a sensitive and alarming indicator of climate change, and demands immediate attention to mitigate the cascading global consequences.
Conservation
Conservation funding bias is depriving critical species of vital support, a new study has shown. A recent study investigated over 14,500 projects spanning a 25-year period, analysing almost $2bn of funding allocated across the globe. Of this, 82.9% of funding was allocated to vertebrates (with over 85% to birds and mammals), 6.6% was allocated to plants and invertebrates, and only 0.2% was designated for fungal and algal species. With a large majority of funds assigned to charismatic megafauna, this bias leaves nearly 94% of threatened species with no support, limiting the opportunities for researchers and protective measures. Researchers have called for a revision of conservation funding awards to ensure a more rigorous, scientifically driven approach in order to address this funding imbalance.
The reappearance of Wild Boar in Dartmoor National Park, after centuries of absence, has raised concerns about ‘guerrilla rewilding’. Despite their potential for ecological regeneration through natural foraging behaviours, the boar’s presence, following sightings and a dog walker incident, has triggered debate. Natural England and the Wildlife Trusts are now working to understand the local population dynamics and provide guidance to mitigate human-wildlife interactions, while the overall impact of their presence continues to be evaluated.
The UK government has authorized nature groups to apply for licenses to release beavers into the wild. This decision formalises existing practices, which include both licensed enclosure releases and unauthorized reintroductions. With an estimated 500 wild beavers in England already contributing to habitat creation and flood mitigation, the first of these licensed releases are anticipated this autumn, aligning with broader nature restoration goals in the UK.
Climate Crisis
The UK has released its National Biodiversity Strategy and Action Plan (NBSAP), outlining its commitment to meeting international biodiversity targets by 2030. This plan serves as the UK’s response to the Kunming-Montreal Global Biodiversity Framework, acknowledging the critical reliance of human wellbeing on thriving ecosystems and the urgent need to address the global biodiversity crisis. The NBSAP emphasizes a shift towards a systemic approach tackle these challenges effectively. This publication marks a crucial first step in the UK’s pledge to protect at least 30% of its land and sea, reduce pollution, and ensure sustainable practices in agriculture, forestry, and industry by the year 2030.
Researchers at the University of Leeds have modelled the potential impact of reintroducing wolves to the Scottish Highlands, revealing significant opportunity for woodland expansion and carbon storage. Using a predator-prey model across four areas of Scottish wild land, the study found that a population of approximately 167 wolves could effectively control burgeoning deer populations, which currently suppress natural woodland regeneration by grazing on saplings. A reduction in deer would allow native woodland to flourish, with the potential to sequester 1,000,000 tonnes of carbon dioxide annually. This first-of-its-kind assessment provides compelling evidence for the crucial role of large carnivores in delivering nature-based solutions to the climate emergency.